Space probes today and tomorrow |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gunter |
USA |
EU |
Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Target |
Probe |
Country |
Year Start |
Weight [kg] |
Note |
Cost Probe
[mil.USD] |
Cost Mission
[mil.USD] |
|
|
|
|
Moon |
LRO |
USA |
2009 |
1
900 |
orbiter |
|
500 |
|
|
|
|
|
Chang'e 3 |
China |
2013 |
3
800 |
lander 1200 kg,
rover 140 kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chang'e 4 Relay |
China |
2018 |
450 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chang'e 4 |
China |
2018 |
3 800 |
lander 1200 kg, rover 140 kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chandrayaan 2 |
India |
2019 |
3
300 |
lander 1250 kg,
rover |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chang'e 5 |
China |
2020 |
8
200 |
return with
sample 2 kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SLIM |
Japan |
2022 |
730 |
lander |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peregrine |
USA |
2022 |
1
300 |
lander |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change 6 |
China |
2023 |
8
200 |
return with
sample 2 kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
VIPER |
USA |
2023 |
|
rover |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mars |
Mars Odyssey |
USA |
2001 |
720 |
orbiter
|
170 |
300 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mars Express |
EU |
2003 |
1
120 |
orbiter |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
MRO |
USA |
2005 |
2
180 |
orbiter |
450 |
720 |
|
|
|
|
|
MSL |
USA |
2011 |
3
900 |
rover Curiosity
900 kg |
1
700 |
3
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mangalyaan |
India |
2013 |
500 |
orbiter |
|
80 |
|
|
|
|
|
MAVEN |
USA |
2013 |
2
450 |
orbiter |
|
670 |
|
|
|
|
|
ExoMars
Orbiter |
EU+Russia |
2016 |
4
300 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
InSight |
USA |
2018 |
700 |
lander |
|
420 |
|
|
|
|
|
Al Amal |
Emirates |
2020 |
1
500 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tianwen |
China |
2020 |
5
000 |
rover Tianwen 240
kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mars 2020 |
USA |
2020 |
|
rover
Perseverance1000 kg |
2
900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ExoMars Rover |
EU+Russia |
2022 |
|
rover 310 kg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MMX |
Japan |
2024 |
3
000 |
Phobos, Deimos
and return-sample |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mars Sampler USA |
USA+EU |
2028 |
|
return with
sample |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mars Sampler China |
China |
2028 |
|
return with
sample |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Venus |
Akatsuki |
Japan |
2010 |
500 |
orbiter |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mercury |
BepiColombo |
EU+Japan |
2018 |
2 x 1200 |
2 orbiters |
|
900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sun |
STEREO |
USA |
2006 |
2 x 620 |
2 orbiters, Earth
trail |
|
550 |
|
|
|
|
|
Parker Solar Probe |
USA |
2018 |
500 |
flyby |
750 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Solar Orbiter |
EU |
2020 |
1
800 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
point L1 |
SOHO |
EU+USA |
1995 |
1
870 |
orbiter,
observing of Sun |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACE |
USA |
1997 |
780 |
orbiter, sun and
cosmic radiation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DSCOVR |
USA |
2015 |
570 |
orbiter, solar
wind |
|
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
Aditya |
India |
2022 |
1
500 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
point L2 |
WMAP |
USA |
2001 |
840 |
orbiter,
temperature differencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Planck |
EU |
2009 |
1
950 |
orbiter, cosmic
radiation |
|
700 |
|
|
|
|
|
Gaia |
EU |
2013 |
2
000 |
orbiter, position
differencies |
400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
JWST |
USA+EU |
2021 |
9
000 |
orbiter, diameter
6.5 m, infrared |
10
000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euclid |
EU |
2022 |
2
100 |
orbiter, visible
and near-infrared |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
comets |
Epoxi |
USA |
- |
370 |
flyby Hartley 2 ,
from Deep Impact |
- |
40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
asteroids |
Hayabusa 2 |
Japan |
2014 |
600 |
return with
sample, 1999 JU3 |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
OSIRIS-REx |
USA |
2016 |
1
530 |
return with
sample |
800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lucy |
USA |
2021 |
1
550 |
fly by Jupiter
trojans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DART |
USA |
2021 |
500 |
impactor to
Didymos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Psyche |
USA |
2022 |
2
600 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ZhengHe |
China |
2024 |
|
asteroid sample
return |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jupiter |
Juno |
USA |
2011 |
3
620 |
orbiter |
840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
JUICE |
EU |
2024 |
5
300 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Europa Clipper |
USA |
2024 |
6
000 |
orbiter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and further |
Voyager 1 |
USA |
1977 |
720 |
flyby Jupiter,
Saturn, distance 100 AU |
|
900 |
|
|
|
|
|
Voyager 2 |
USA |
1977 |
720 |
flyby …,Uran,
Neptun, distance 90 AU |
|
900 |
|
|
|
|
|
New Horizons |
USA |
2006 |
470 |
flyby Pluto in
year 2015 |
550 |
800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|